* Brest Cancer

What is Bresat Cancer

Breast cancer is cancer that forms in the cells of the breasts.
After skin cancer, breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women in the United States. Breast cancer can occur in both men and women, but it’s far more common in women.
Substantial support for breast cancer awareness and research funding has helped create advances in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Breast cancer survival rates have increased, and the number of deaths associated with this disease is steadily declining, largely due to factors such as earlier detection, a new personalized approach to treatment and a better understanding of the disease.

Causes and Risk Factors:

• Gender:

  • Women are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to men.

• Age:

  • The risk of breast cancer increases with age, with the majority of cases diagnosed in women over 50.

• Family History:

  • A family history of breast cancer, especially in close relatives (mother, sister, daughter), may increase the risk.

• Inherited Gene Mutations:

  • Inherited mutations in certain genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, can significantly increase the risk of breast cancer.

• Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT):

  • Long-term use of hormone replacement therapy after menopause may be associated with an increased risk.

• Reproductive and Menstrual History:

  • Early onset of menstruation, late onset of menopause, and late first full-term pregnancy may be risk factors.

• Previous History of Breast Cancer or Certain Non-Cancerous Breast Diseases:

  • A previous history of breast cancer or certain non-cancerous breast diseases may increase the risk.

• Radiation Exposure:

  • Previous radiation therapy to the chest area, especially during childhood, may increase the risk.

Symptoms of Bone Cancer:

• Lump or Mass:

  • The most common symptom is the presence of a painless lump or mass in the breast.

• Changes in Breast Size or Shape:

  • Unexplained changes in breast size or shape.

• Pain or Discomfort:

  • Persistent pain or discomfort in the breast or armpit.

• Changes in the Skin:

  • Skin changes, such as redness, dimpling, or puckering.

• Nipple Changes:

  • Changes in the nipple, such as inversion, discharge, or scaling.

Diagnosis:

• Mammography:

  • X-ray of the breast used for screening and detecting abnormalities.

• Biopsy:

  • Removal of a tissue sample for examination under a microscope to confirm the presence of cancer and determine its type.

• Ultrasound and MRI:

  • Additional imaging tests may be used for further evaluation.

Treatment:

• • Surgery:

    • Removal of the tumor (lumpectomy) or the entire breast (mastectomy).

  • Radiation Therapy:

    • High-energy beams target and kill cancer cells.

  • Chemotherapy:

    • Medications that kill rapidly dividing cells, including cancer cells.

  • Hormone Therapy:

    • Blocking hormones that fuel the growth of certain types of breast cancer.

  • Targeted Therapy:

    • Medications that specifically target molecules involved in cancer growth.

  • Immunotherapy:

    • Boosting the body’s immune system to target and destroy cancer cells.

Prognosis:

• The prognosis for breast cancer varies based on factors such as the stage of cancer, the type of cancer, and the effectiveness of treatment.

• Early detection and advances in treatment have significantly improved survival rates.

Screening Recommendations:

• Regular breast self-exams, clinical breast exams by healthcare providers, and mammograms are important for early detection.
• The frequency and age at which screening should begin may vary based on individual risk factors, and women should discuss screening recommendations with their healthcare providers.